H2617. checed

חֶ֫סֶד‎: 247 noun masculine^{2 Samuel 16:17} goodness, kindness; — absolute ׳ח‎ Genesis 24:12 85t.; חָ֑סֶד‎ 39:21 12t.; construct חֶסֶד‎ 1 Samuel 20:14 8t.; suffix חַסְדִּי‎ Psalm 59:18 120t. suffixes; plural חֲסָדִים‎ Genesis 32:11; construct חַסֵדֵי‎ Isaiah 55:3 5t. (Baer^{Jes p. 79} Ges^{§ 93}, R, 1. F.); suffix חֲסָדַי‎ Nehemiah 13:14 + 10t. suffixes; (not in H or P).

I. of man:

1 kindness of men towards men, in doing favours and benefits 1 Samuel 20:15; 2 Samuel 16:17; Psalm 141:5; Proverbs 19:22; 20:6; ׳ח יהוה‎ 1 Samuel 20:14 the kindness of ׳י‎ (such as he shews, Thes MV; that sworn to by oath to Yahweh Mich Dathe; shewn out of reverence to Yahweh Th Ke); compare ׳ח אלהים‎ 2 Samuel 9:3; ׳תּוֺרַתאח‎ Proverbs 31:26 instruction in kindness, kindly instruction עִמָּדִי חֶסֶד עָשָׂה‎ do or shew kindness (in dealing) with me Genesis 20:13; 40:14 (E), 1 Samuel 20:14; 2 Samuel 10:2 (עִמִּי‎ in "" 1 Chronicles 19:2); with עִם‎ Genesis 21:23 (E), 24:12, 14; Joshua 2:12 (twice in verse); Judges 1:24 (J), 8:35; 1 Samuel 15:6; 2 Samuel 2:5; 3:8; 9:1; 9:3; 9:7, 10:20a = 1 Chronicles 19:2a, 19:2b 2 Chronicles 24:22; with עַל‎ 1 Samuel 20:8 with לְ‎ 1 Kings 2:7; ח ׳נשׂא לפני‎ obtain kindness before Esther 2:9, 17; ח ׳היטיב‎ Ruth 3:10.

2 kindness (especially as extended to the lowly, needy and miserable), mercy Proverbs 20:28; Job 6:14; חסד אישׁ‎ merciful man Proverbs 11:17 (opposed to אַכְזָרִי‎); ח ׳מַלְכֵּי‎ merciful kings 1 Kings 20:31; ח ׳עשׂה‎ Psalm 109:16; in this sense usually with other attributes (see also below II.2); "" אמת‎ Hosea 4:1; Isaiah 16:5; ׳ח ואמת‎ Proverbs 3:3; 14:22; 16:6; 20:28; ח ׳עשׂה ואמת‎ Genesis 24:49; 47:29; Joshua 2:14 (J; RV gives thse under 1); "" צדקה‎ Hosea 10:12; וח ׳צדקה‎ Proverbs 21:21; "" משׁפט‎ Micah 6:8; ׳ח ומשׁפט‎ Hosea 12:7; "" חוֺנֵן‎ Psalm 109:12; ׳ח ורחמים‎ Zechariah 7:9; Daniel 1:9. — (On Hosea 6:4, 6 see 3 below)

3 (rarely) affection if Israel to ׳י‎ love to God, piety: ׳ח נְעוּרַיִךְ‎ Jeremiah 2:2 priety of thy youth ("" love of thine espousals to Yahweh); possibly also כַּעֲנַןבֹּֿקֶר חַסְדְּכֶם‎ Hosea 6:4 your piety is like a morning cloud (fleeting), and וְלאֹזָֿ֑בַח חָפַצְתִּי חֶסֶד כִּי‎ 6:6 for piety I delight in and not in peace-offering ("" אלהים דעת‎, compare 1 Samuel 15:22); — so Wü Now Hi (15:4) Che; Ke Hi (15:6) al. below 2 (or

1); — חֶסֶד נַנְשֵׁי‎ men of piety Isaiah 57:1 ("" צַדִּיק‎); plural pious acts2 Chronicles 32:32; 35:26; Nehemiah 13:14.

4 lovely appearance: הַשָֹּׁדֶה כְּצִיץ כָּלחַֿסְדּוֺ‎ Isaiah 40:6 all its loveliness as the flower of the field (so Thes Hi De Che Di and others; but δόξα ᵐ5‎1 Peter 1:24 & gloria ᵑ9‎ favour an original reading הוֺדוֺ‎ Lo or כְּבֹדוֺ‎ Ew, see Br^{MP 375}; Du הֲדָרוֺ‎).

II. of God: kindness, lovingkindness in condescendig to the needs of his creatures. He is חַסְדָּם‎ their goodness favour Jonah 2:9; חַסְדִּי‎ Psalm 144:2; חַסְדִּי אֱלֹהֵי‎ God of my kindness Psalm 59:18; in 59:11 read חַסְדּוֺ אֱלֹהַי‎ my God with his kindness ᵑ9 ᵐ5‎ Ew Hup De Pe Che Bae; his is the kindness Psalm 62:13; it is with him 130:7; he delights in it Micah 7:18.

1 specifically lovingkindness:

a. in redemption from enemies and troubles Genesis 19:19; 39:21 (J), Exodus 15:13 (song), Jeremiah 31:3; Ezra 7:28; 9:9; Psalm 21:8; 31:17; 31:22; 32:10; 33:22; 36:8; 36:11; 42:9; Psalm 44:27; 48:10; 59:17; 66:20; 85:8; 90:14; 94:18; 107:8; 107:15; 107:21; 107:31; 143:8; 143:12; Job 37:13; Ruth 1:8; 2:20; men should trust in it Psalm 13:6; Psalm 52:10; rejoice in it 31:8; hope in it 33:18; 147:11.

b. in preservation of life from death Psalm 6:5; 86:13; Job 10:12.

c. in quickening of spiritual life Psalm 109:26; 119:41; 119:76; 119:88; 119:124; 119:149; 119:159.

d. in redemption from sin Psalm 25:7; 51:3.

e. in keeping the covenants, with Abraham Micah 7:20; with Moses and Israel וְ(הַ)חֶסֶד הַבְּרִית שׁמר‎ keep-eth the covenant and the lovingkindness Deuteronomy 7:9, 12; 1 Kings 8:23 2 Chronicles 6:14; Nehemiah 1:5; 9:32; Daniel 9:4; with David and his dynasty 2 Samuel 7:15 = 1 Chronicles 17:13; 2 Samuel 22:51 = Psalm 18:51, 1 Kings 3:6 (twice in verse) = 2 Chronicles 1:8; Psalm 89:29; 89:34; with the wife Zion Isaiah 54:10.

2 חֶסֶד‎ is grouped with other divine attributes: ואמת חסד‎ kindness (lovingkindness) and fidelity Genesis 24:27 (J), Psalm 25:10; 41:11; 40:12; 57:4; 61:8; 85:11; 89:15; 115:1; 138:2; ח ׳עשׂה עם ואמת‎ 2 Samuel 2:6; 15:20 (ᵐ5‎, see Dr); with אֶתֿ‎ Genesis 24:49; ח ׳רַב ואמת‎ Exodus 34:6 (JE), Psalm 86:15; also "" אמת‎ Micah 7:20; Psalm 26:3; 117:2; "" אֱמוּנָה‎ 88:12; 89:3; 92:3; וח ׳אמונה‎ 89:25; ׳ח ואמונה‎ 98:3; "" רחמים‎ 77:9; ׳ח ורחמים‎ Jeremiah 16:5; Hosea 2:21; Psalm 103:4; ׳ח ומשׁפט‎ Jeremiah 9:23; Psalm 101:1; "" צדקה‎ 36:11; וח ׳טוב‎ 23:6.

3 the kindness of God is

a. abundant: רַבחֶֿסֶד‎ abundant, plenteous in kindness (goodness) Numbers 14:18 (J), Nehemiah 9:17 (Qr), Joel 2:13; Jonah 4:2; Psalm 86:5; 103:8 (compare Exodus 34:6 J E; Psalm 86:15); חַסְדְּךָ רֹב‎ Nehemiah 13:22; Psalm 5:8; 69:14; 106:7 (ᵑ9 ᵐ5‎ Aq Targan, to be preferred to חֲסָדֶיךָ ᵑ0‎); חֲסָדָו֯ רֹב‎ Lamentations 3:32; Psalm 106:45 (Kt ᵐ5‎ in both to be preferred).

b. great in extent: חִ ׳נֹּדֶל‎ greatness of thy mercy Numbers 14:19 (J); ׳נְּדָו֯וֺלחֿ‎ Psalm 145:8; it is kept for thousands Exodus 34:7 (JE), Jeremiah 32:18, especially of those connected with lovers of ׳י‎, Exodus 20:6 = Deuteronomy 5:10; for 1000 Generations 7:9; it is great as the heavens Psalm 57:11; 103:11, compare 36:6; 108:5; the earth is full of it 33:5; 119:64.

c. everlasting: חסדוֺ לעולם‎ Jeremiah 33:11; 1 Chronicles 16:34, 41; 2 Chronicles 5:13; 7:3, 6; 20:21; Ezra 3:11; Psalm 100:5; 106:1; 107:1; 118:1; 118:2; 118:3; 118:4; 118:29; 136:1 (26 t.); לעולם חסדךָ‎ 138:8; עולם ועד ׳ח מעולם‎ 103:17; ׳ח עולם‎ Isaiah 54:8; היום ׳ח כּל אל‎ Psalm 52:3.

d. good: חַסְדְּךָ כִּיטֿוֺב‎ Psalm 69:17; 109:21; מחיים חסדךָ טוב כי‎ 63:4.

4 plural mercies, deeds of kindness, the historic displays of lovingkindness to Israel: shewn to Jacob Genesis 32:11 (R); but mostly late Isaiah 63:7; Psalm 25:6; 89:2; חסִדיו כְּרֹב‎ Isaiah 63:7, see

3a; promised in the Davidic covenant Psalm Isa 89:50; דָוִיד חַסְדֵי‎ mercies to David Isaiah 55:3; 2 Chronicles 6:42; mercies in General Lamentations 3:22; Psalm 17:7; 107:43f. — חֶסֶד‎ in proper name, masculine ׳בןחֿ‎ see below בֵּן‎. On Leviticus 20:17; Proverbs 14:34 see חֶסֶד‎ below II. חסד‎.

II. חֶ֫סֶד‎ noun masculine shame, reproach, only absolute: — ׳ח הוּא‎ Leviticus 20:17 (H) it is a shame (shameful thing); ׳ח חַטָּאת לְאֻמִּים‎ Proverbs 14:34 sin is a reproach to peoples.